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php小编香蕉为您介绍一种常见问题：无法正确地将表单序列化为json。在开发中，我们经常需要将表单数据以json格式传递给后端处理。然而，有时候我们会遇到一些问题，比如提交的数据无法正确地转换成json格式。这可能是由于表单中包含了特殊字符或格式不正确导致的。在本文中，我们将探讨一些常见的原因和解决方案，帮助您解决这个问题，确保表单数据正确地序列化为json。
问题内容
我正在尝试在 golang 中创建一个 web 应用程序，允许您将收据的详细信息输入到不同的表单中，然后这些表单输入被序列化为 json 对象。但是，我在序列化表单时遇到了麻烦，因为每当我尝试“提交”收据时，都会收到错误消息。
这是 main.go
package main
import (
"encoding/json"
"html/template"
"log"
"net/http"
"strconv"
"github.com/gorilla/mux"
)
type item struct {
shortdescription string `json:"shortdescription"`
price string `json:"price"`
}
type receipt struct {
retailer string `json:"retailer"`
purchasedate string `json:"purchasedate"`
purchasetime string `json:"purchasetime"`
items []item `json:"items"`
total string `json:"total"`
receiptid int `json:"receiptid"`
}
var receiptidcounter int
var receipts = make(map[int]receipt)
func main() {
r := mux.newrouter()
r.handlefunc("/", homehandler).methods("get")
r.handlefunc("/submit", submithandler).methods("post")
r.handlefunc("/receipt/{id}", receipthandler).methods("get")
http.handle("/", r)
log.fatal(http.listenandserve(":8080", nil))
}
func homehandler(w http.responsewriter, r *http.request) {
t, err := template.parsefiles("templates/home.html")
if err != nil {
log.println(err)
http.error(w, "internal server error", http.statusinternalservererror)
return
}
err = t.execute(w, nil)
if err != nil {
log.println(err)
http.error(w, "internal server error", http.statusinternalservererror)
}
}
func submithandler(w http.responsewriter, r *http.request) {
decoder := json.newdecoder(r.body)
var receipt receipt
err := decoder.decode(&receipt)
if err != nil {
log.println(err)
http.error(w, "bad request", http.statusbadrequest)
return
}
receiptidcounter++
receipt.receiptid = receiptidcounter
receipts[receipt.receiptid] = receipt
jsonresponse, err := json.marshal(map[string]int{"receiptid": receipt.receiptid})
if err != nil {
log.println(err)
http.error(w, "internal server error", http.statusinternalservererror)
return
}
w.header().set("content-type", "application/json")
w.write(jsonresponse)
}
func receipthandler(w http.responsewriter, r *http.request) {
vars := mux.vars(r)
id, err := strconv.atoi(vars["id"])
if err != nil {
log.println(err)
http.error(w, "bad request", http.statusbadrequest)
return
}
receipt, exists := receipts[id]
if !exists {
http.notfound(w, r)
return
}
t, err := template.parsefiles("templates/receipt.html")
if err != nil {
log.println(err)
http.error(w, "internal server error", http.statusinternalservererror)
return
}
err = t.execute(w, receipt)
if err != nil {
log.println(err)
http.error(w, "internal server error", http.statusinternalservererror)
}
}这是我的 home.html，这是我主页的 html
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>receipt input form</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>receipt input form</h1>
<form id="receipt-form">
<label>retailer:</label>
<input type="text" name="retailer" required><br><br>
<label>purchase date:</label>
<input type="date" name="purchasedate" required><br><br>
<label>purchase time:</label>
<input type="time" name="purchasetime" required><br><br>
<label>short description:</label>
<input type="text" name="shortdescription[]" required>
<label>price:</label>
<input type="number" name="price[]" step="0.01" min="0" required>
<button type="button" id="add-item-btn">add item</button><br><br>
<label>total:</label>
<input type="number" name="total" step="0.01" min="0" required><br><br>
<button type="submit">submit</button>
</form>
<script>
$(document).ready(function() {
var itemcount = 1;
$('#add-item-btn').click(function() {
itemcount++;
var newitem = '<label>short description:</label>' +
'<input type="text" name="shortdescription[]" required>' +
'<label>price:</label>' +
'<input type="number" name="price[]" step="0.01" min="0" required>' +
'<button type="button" class="remove-item-btn">remove item</button>' +
'';
$('#items').append(newitem);
});
$(document).on('click', '.remove-item-btn', function() {
$(this).parent().remove();
itemcount--;
});
$('#receipt-form').submit(function(event) {
event.preventdefault();
var form = $(this).serializearray();
var items = [];
$('.item').each(function() {
var item = {};
item.shortdescription = $(this).find('input[name="shortdescription[]"]').val();
item.price = $(this).find('input[name="price[]"]').val();
items.push(item);
});
form.push({ name: "items", value: json.stringify(items) });
$.ajax({
type: "post",
url: "/submit",
data: form,
success: function(response) {
window.location.href = "/receipt?id=" + response.receiptid;
},
error: function(xhr, status, error) {
console.log(xhr.responsetext);
}
});
});
});
</script>
</body>
</html>这是我的receipt.html，这是提交收据后的收据页面的html。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Receipt Details</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Receipt Details</h1>
<ul>
<li>Retailer: {{.Retailer}}</li>
<li>Purchase Date: {{.PurchaseDate}}</li>
<li>Purchase Time: {{.PurchaseTime}}</li>
<li>Items:</li>
<ul>
{{range .Items}}
<li>{{.ShortDescription}} - {{.Price}}</li>
{{end}}
</ul>
<li>Total: {{.Total}}</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>我尝试了不同的序列化方法，但没有任何效果。当我填写收据表格然后点击提交时，我希望我会进入收据页面，显示该收据的独特详细信息。但是我刚刚收到一个错误，我最近的一个错误是这样的：
in无效字符“r”寻找值的开头
解决方法
请按如下方式更新您的 home.html。我将提交请求内容类型更改为 application/json 因为服务器中的 submithandler 正在寻找 json。
$('#receipt-form').submit(function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
var form = $(this).serializeArray();
var formObject = {};
$.each(form,
function(i, v) {
if (v.name != "price[]" && v.name != "shortDescription[]") {
formObject[v.name] = v.value;
}
});
var items = [];
$('.item').each(function() {
var item = {};
item.shortDescription = $(this).find('input[name="shortDescription[]"]').val();
item.price = $(this).find('input[name="price[]"]').val();
items.push(item);
});
formObject["items"] = items;
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: "/submit",
contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
dataType: "json",
data: JSON.stringify(formObject),
success: function(response) {
window.location.href = "/receipt?id=" + response.receiptID;
},
error: function(xhr, status, error) {
console.log(xhr.responseText);
}
});
});
